The Madhya Pradesh-based Eklavya has had a long history of educational innovation aimed at improving the formal government education system. Different programmes run by Eklavya include the Hoshangabad Science Teaching Programme (HSTP), which ran in government schools of Madhya Pradesh from (1972-2002), the Social Science programme (1986-2002), and Prashika, the Primary Education Program that contributed to the statewide "Seekhna Sikhana" package of the Madhya Pradesh government during the District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) curriculum renewal effort. Over the years, Eklavya has worked in the areas of teacher training, curriculum and textbook development, effective use of teaching learning material in the classroom as well as creative and conceptually sound methods of evaluation.

At present, Eklavya also runs in and out-of-school libraries in urban and rural government and private schools, Shiksha Protsahan Kendras which work to involve the community in education, the Basic Abilities Programme and the Voluntary Teachers' Programme which involves government school teachers in a variety of workshops and meetings addressing academic and pedagogic issues. Eklavya has also collaborated with different state governments such as Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh as well as the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) for innovative work on a variety of issues including curriculum and textbook development.

Eklavya's publications division has consistently produced teaching-learning material for children and teachers of a very high standard. Besides, the children's monthly Chakmak and science periodical Sandarbh are popular and carry the imprint of Eklavya's concern for fostering the values of creativity and critical thinking in young readers and teachers alike.